Kata
Kerja
adalah bagian inti dari Tenses Bahasa Inggris.
Kata kerja atau Verb
ini sering di singkat V saja. Jadi kalau V+ing
artinya sama dengan Verb+ing. Kata kerja
dalam bahasa Inggris ada banyak bentuknya: V1,
V2, V3, V+ing.
Perubahan bentuk Kata Kerja bentuk 1 (V1) ke bentuk ke 2
(V2) dan bentuk ke 3
(V3) ada yang beraturan
(ada rumusnya) dan ada juga yang tidak beraturan
(tidak ada rumusnya).
Kata
Kerja Beraturan
(Regular Verb). Artinya ya mempunyai
keteraturan bentuknya, ada rumusnya misalnya ditambah “D” atau “ED” seperti:
live – lived – lived, play – played - played.
Kata
Kerja Tidak Beraturan
(Irregular Verb). Misalnya kata kerja
“drink” berturut-turut untuk bentuk ke 1 sampai 3: drink – drank - drunk. Satu
contoh lain lagi: break – broke – broken.
1. Present
Tense (Waktu Sekarang)
a.
Simple Present Tense (Waktu Sekarang Sederhana)
Rumus :
{ + } S + V1 + O/C
{ - } S + Do/does +
not + V1 + O/C
{ ? } Do/does + S +
V1 + O/C
Example :
{ + } Rhia reads book
everyday
{ - } Rhia does not read
book everyday
{ ? } Does Sisca Read
book everyday = Yes He does / No He doesn’t
Contoh
kalimat
:
(+) She is a new
people here.
(+) He plays football
every morning
(-) She isn’t a new
people here.
(-) He does not
playing football every morning.
(?) Is she a new
people here?
(?) How playing
football every morning?
b.
Present Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sekarang)
Rumus :
{ + } S + Be + V1 + ing
+ O/C
{ - } S + Be + not + V1
+ ing + O/C
{ ? } Be + S + V1 + ing
+ O/C
Example :
{ + } They are
playing badmintoon now
{ – } They are not
playing badmintoon now
{ ? } Are they
palaying badmintoon now ? = Yes They are / no they are not
Contoh
kalimat
:
(+) He is playing
badminton now
(-) He isn’t playing
badminton now.
(?) Is he playing
badminton now.
c.
Present Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Sekarang)
Rumus :
{ + } S + have/has + V3
{ - } S + have/sas Not + V3
{ ? } Have/has + S + V3
Contoh kalimat :
(+) you have eaten mine (?) have you
finished?
d.
Present Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Sekarang)
Rumus :
(+) S + have/has + been +
Ving
(-) S + have/has + not +
been + Ving
(?) Have/has + S + been +
Ving
Contoh kalimat :
(+) She has been
going to Malang since evening.
(+) We have been
riding a horse for three days
(-) She hasn’t been
going to Malang since evening.
(-) We haven’t been
riding a horse for three days.
(?) Has she been
going to Malang ?
(?) Have He been
riding a horse for three days ?
2. Past
Tense
(Waktu Lampau)
a.
Simple Past Tense (Waktu Lampau Sederhana)
Rumus :
{ + } S + Be + Was / Were
+ O / C
{ - } S + Be + Was / Were
+ not + O / C
{ ? } Be + Was / Were +
S + O / C
Example :
{ + } We were at school
yesterday
{ - } We were not at
school yesterday
{ ? } were we at school
yesterday ?
Contoh :
(+) I saw a good film
last night
(+) He came here last
month
(-) I saw not a good
film last night
(-) He came not last
month
(?) Saw I a good film
last night
(?) Came He here last
month
b.
Past Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Lampau)
Rumus :
(+): S + was/were + Ving
(-): S + was/were + NOT +
Ving
(?): Was/Were + S + Ving
Contoh :
(+) He was watching
television all afternoon last week
(+) They were talking
about sport when I met him
(-) He wasn’t
watching television all afternoon last week
(-) They weren’t
talking about sport when I met him
(?) Was He watching
television all afternoon last week
(?) Were they talking
about sport when I met him
c.
Past Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Lampau)
Rumus :
(+) S + had + V3
(-) S + had + not + V3
(?) S + had + S + V3
Contoh :
(+) When my brother
arrived , I had painted my motor cycle
(+) The ship had left
before I arrived
(-) When my brother
arrived , I hadn’t painted my motor cycle
(-) The ship hadn’t
left before I arrived
(?) Had I my motor
cycle , when my brother arrived ?
(?) Had the ship left
before I arrived?
d.
Past Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Lampau)
Rumus :
{ + } S + had + been +
Ving
{ - } S + had + not + been
+ Ving
{ ? } Had + S + been +
Ving
Contoh :
(+) They had been
living there for two month
(+) When they washed
my drees , your father had been playing badminton
(-) They hadn’t been
living there for two month
(-) When they washed
my dress , your father hadn’t been playing badminton
(?) Had they been
living there for two month?
(?) When they washed
my dress , had your father been playing badminton ?
3. Future
Tense
(Akan Datang)
a.
Simple Future Tense (Waktu Akan Datang Sederhana)
Rumus :
{ + } S + will + V1
{ - } S + will + not + V1
{ ? } Will + S + V1
Contoh :
(+) I will visit to
yogyakarta tomorrow.
(+) he will met girl
friend by seven o’clock
(?) Will he go to
America next month?
(+) President shall
at Nederland the day after tomorrow.
(-) President shall
not at Nederland the day after tomorrow.
(?) Shall President
at Nederland the day after tomorrow?
b.
Future Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Akan Datang)
Rumus :
{ + } S + will + be + Ving
{ - } S + will not + be +
Ving
{ ? } Will + S + be + Ving
Contoh :
(+) I will be writing
a comic.
(+) I will be
studying tomorrow night.
(-) I will not
writing a comic.
(-) I will not be
studying tomorrow night.
(?) Will I be writing
a comic ?
(?) Will I be
studying tomorrow night ?
c.
Future Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Akan Datang)
Rumus :
{ + } S + will + have + V3
{ - } S + will + not +
have + V3
{ ? } Will + S + have + V3
Contoh :
(+)
Iwill havefinishedby 10am.
(+)
Youwill haveforgottenme by then.
(-)
Shewillnothavegoneto school.
(-)
Wewillnothaveleft.
(?)
Willyou havearrived?
(?)
Willthey havereceivedit?
d.
Future Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Akan Datang)
Rumus :
{ + } S + will + have +
been + Ving { - } S + will + not
+ have + been + Ving
{ ? } Will + S + have +
been + Ving.
Contoh :
(-) I will haven’t
been reading a news paper.
(-) He will haven’t
listening a music.
(?) Will I have been
riding a news paper ?
(?) Will He have
listening a music ?
4. Past
Future Tense
(Akan Datang Di
Waktu Lampau)
a.
Past Future Tense (Waktu Akan Datang Di Waktu Lampau)
Rumus :
{ + } S + would + V1
{ - } S + would + not
+ V1
{ ? }Would + S + V1
Contoh :
(+) He would come if
you invited him.
(+) They would buy a
home the previous day.
(-) He wouldn’t come
if invited him.
(-) They wouldn’t buy
a home the previous day.
(?) Would He come if
invited him ?
(?) Would they buy a
home the previous day ?
b.
Past Future Continuous Tense (Waktu Akan Sedang Terjadi Diwaktu Lampau)
Rumus :
{ + } S + would + be +
Ving
{ - } S + would + not +
be + Ving
{ ? } Would + S + be +
Ving
Contoh :
(+) I should be
swimming at this time the following day.
(+) I shall be
sliping at 10 o’clock tomorrow.
(-) I shouldn’t be
swimming at this time the following day.
(-) I shalln’t be
sleeping at 10 o’clock tomorrow.
(?) Shall I be
swimming at this time the following day ?
(?) Shall I be
sleeping at10 o’clock tomorrow ?
c.
Past Future Perfect Tense (Waktu Akan Sudah Selesai Di Waktu Lampau)
Rumus :
{ + } S + would + have +
V3
{ - } S + would + not +
have + V3
{ ? } Would + S + have +
V3
Contoh :
(+) He would have
graduated if he had studies hard.
(+) Rhia will have
studied moth by the end of this week.
(-) He wouldn’t have
gone if he had met his darling
(-) Rhia will have
not studied month by the end of this week
(?) Would He have
gone if he had met his darling ?
(?) Will Nonok have studied
month by the end of this week ?
d.
Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Yang Sudah Sedang Berlangsung Pada Waktu Lampau)
Rumus :
{ + } S + would + have +
been + Ving
{ - } S + would + not +
have + been + Ving
{ ? } Would + S + have +
been + Ving
Contoh :
(+) Mrs. Anisa Munif
would have been walking here for seventeen years
(+) Rianawati would
have been speaking English for two years
(-) Mrs. Anisa Munif
wouldn’t have been walking here for seventeen year
(-) Rianawati
wouldn’t have been speaking English for two years
(?) Would Mrs. Anisa
Munif have been walking here for seventeen years?
(?) Would Rianawati
have been speaking English for two years?
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